الضرائب قطعة قراءة ستيب رقم 90

نص القطعة

1-There are some goods that their consumption is unhealthy, such as cigarettes, alcohol and any addictive drugs. These goods are called demerit goods. Governments always try to reduce the consumption of demerit goods, and one of the most important ways to do that is to impose high taxes on demerit goods. 2-Governments impose taxes on different kinds of goods and services. Many countries apply taxes on cars and gas to reduce the harmful effects of using cars on the environment. For example, in UK and China the taxes applied on cars with large engines are higher than the taxes applied on cars with small engines. 3-Since 2002, different countries have been trying to reduce the use of plastic bags due to their harmful effects on polluting both land and waterways. 4-Many countries have imposed taxes on plastic bags to discourage their use. Hong Kong was one of the countries that imposed taxes on plastic bags. Taxing plastic bags in Hong Kong was really effective and had immediate results in reducing the use of plastic bags. 5-To sum up, governments use taxation to influence the behavior of individuals, and this can lead to a healthier population. Also the increasing taxes on cars and gas may help reduce the environmental pollution.